[17] [24] Hafizullah Amin renamed the country to the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (DRA)., [14] and Qadir assumed the control of the country from 27–30 April 1978 as the Head of the Military Revolutionary Council. [17], The Soviet Union set in Moscow played a major role in the reconciliation of the Khalq faction led by Taraki and the Parcham faction led by Karmal. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. The revolution resulted in the creation of a government with Nur Muhammad Taraki as President, and was the precursor to the 1979 intervention by the Soviets and the 1979–1989 Soviet–Afghan War against the Mujahideen. The Soviet troop withdrawal in late 1989 changed the political structure that had enabled the PDPA to stay in power all those years. [20]. He gave instructions to the Khalqi military officers through his family before being sent to jail on 26 April 1978. The Soviet-Afghan War followed the death of Amin, [24] and Karmal was exiled to Prague in Czechoslovakia, where he assumed the role of Afghan ambassador. His career in politics reflected…, Democratic Party of Kurdistan (Iran; KDP) People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan was the most important, the most organized and the most comprehensive communist party which seized the political power through conducting 1978 coup. [46] In a 1978 party pamphlet, the PDPA described itself as "vanguard of the working class" and President Taraki as "experienced Marxist–Leninist". Under the leadership of Mohammad Najibullah in 1990, the party's name was changed to Homeland Party (حزب وطن, Hezb-e Watan) and much of the party's communist symbols and policies were altered or removed. After the coup, the Loya jirga approved Daoud's new constitution, establishing a presidential one-party system of government in January 1977. [CDATA[ [61] In August 1982, Karmal alleged that the PDPA had 20,000 members within the military, and said that "the army party organization forms the greatest part of the PDPA". The Afghan Communist party, Ḥezb-e demōkrātÄ«k-e ḵalq-e Afḡānestān (People’s democratic party of Afghanistan, P.D.P.A.) [57] Another daunting problem was that the central party leadership had little contact with lower-level organizations in the provinces or, in general, with the people. [61] However, at the 1st PDPA Conference, Karmal claimed that the party had 62,820 ordinary and probationary members; this number was exaggerated. [62] However, in the aftermath of the coup, membership decreased notably (probably because of the increasing authoritarian policies of the government). Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. In 1978 a prominent member of the PDPA on the Parcham side of the party, Mir Akbar Khyber, is claimed to have been assassinated by the government and its associates. Stephen Gowans Afghanistan, Communism, People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, Saur Revolution, Taliban, Women's Rights 9 Comments August 9, 2010 May 11, 2011 11 Minutes. Sultan Ali Keshtmand, sometimes transliterated Kishtmand, born May 22, 1935, in Kabul, was an Afghan politician. S. Fida Yunas. December 31, 2019 40 Years After His Death, Hafizullah Amin Casts a Long Shadow in Afghanistan By Christopher Solomon. The Pakistani prime minister, Imran Khanm called recently to Osama Bin Laden a martyr in a discourse. Taraki and Babrak Karmal (the third PDPA Afghan President) had been frequent contacts of the Soviet Embassy in Afghanistan from the late 1950s. [4] The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) was officially formed at the unity congress of the different factions of the Socialist Party of Afghanistan on 1 January 1965. The PDPA led by Nur Muhammad Taraki established the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan which would last until 1987. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) was formed in the period of constitutional reform in Afghanistan (1963–1973) during which parliamentary elections were held and political parties were allowed to organize. PDPA stands for People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (also Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer and 25 more ) What is the abbreviation for People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan? [51], Throughout its existence, the body usually had between 7 and 9 members. Four members of the party won seats in that year's parliamentary elections, reduced to two seats in 1969, albeit both before parties were fully legal. [9] [13], Karmal sought, unsuccessfully, to persuade the PDPA Central Committee to censure Taraki's excessive extreme radicalism. The Parcham faction supported this idea because they felt that Afghanistan was not industrialized enough to undergo a true proletarian revolution as called for in the Communist Manifesto. Traditional practices that were deemed feudal – such as usury, bride price and forced marriage – were banned, and the minimum age of marriage was raised. The PDPA came to power through a revolution, which ousted the unpopular government of Mohammad Daoud Khan. Therefore, it’s best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publication’s requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. . Hafizullah Amin was an Afghan communist politician during the Cold War. [62] In 1983, Karmal claimed that party membership had grown 35 percent to 90,000, the following year it had allegedly grown 33 percent to 120,000 members. While the idea of moving Afghanistan toward socialism was proclaimed, completing the task was seen as an arduous road. Founded in 1965, the party soon split into two factions, known as the People’s (Khalq) and Banner (Parcham) parties. The vote, however, was close, and Taraki in turn tried to neutralize Karmal by appointing new members to the committee who were his own supporters. Gulabzoi is an Afghan politician who was installed as President, prime minister, six... ] Half of the Khalq faction for five hours, during which time he one! Moscow by the PDPA had by 1990 largely abandoned Marxism for `` expanding and strengthening friendly. Ideology of the Afghan Civil War General period style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers March Defense. 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